: Apples weren’t always big, juicy and sweet. A long history of migration made them so #IndiaNEWS When biting into a large, sweet apple from the local grocery store, it is easy to take the characteristics

Apples weren’t always big, juicy and sweet. A long history of migration made them so #IndiaNEWS
When biting into a large, sweet apple from the local grocery store, it is easy to take the characteristics of our modern fruits for granted. We do not often consider the long history of migration and improvement, both random and intentional, that has led to the seemingly perfect apples we enjoy today. Were the apples of our past always delicious? Where did our apples come from and how much have they changed?The origins of the apple can be traced back to the Tian Shen mountains in modern-day Kazakhstan, where the wild ancestor of apples, Malus sieversii, still grows in forests today. The largest city in Kazakhstan, Almaty, derives its name from the Kazhak word Almatau meaning “apple mountain�?.Archaeological evidence suggests that human cultivation of apples began at least 5,000 years ago. During the last five millennia, our human ancestors transported apple seeds first across Asia via the Silk Road and eventually across the world.But these ancient apples are quite different from the varieties we are accustomed to today. Wild apples are often small, acidic and bitter and generally not something you would pay .80/kg for.Cultivated improvementsOur research group compared today’s cultivated apples (varieties grown on farms like Honeycrisp and McIntosh) to the fruits of their wild ancestors, Malus sieversii, to quantify how apple fruits have changed over thousands...Read more

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