: Opinion: Bringing women back into workforce #IndiaNEWS #News By Rajendra P Mamgain Since the turn of the millennium, women have been leaving the workforce in India. Over 40. 4 million fewer women

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Opinion: Bringing women back into workforce #IndiaNEWS #News
By Rajendra P Mamgain
Since the turn of the millennium, women have been leaving the workforce in India. Over 40. 4 million fewer women are in paid work today than in 2004. Despite making up nearly half of India’s population, women represent less than one-third of the workforce. But the spiral can turn around, and India has a strong economic incentive to ensure it does.
India’s GDP over the past two decades could have been 43% larger if women had the same work participation rate as men, Oxfam estimates. And India’s international standing is suffering: the country ranks 135 among 146 in the 2022 Global Gender Gap Index, owing largely to low work participation rates among women and poor health indicators.
Pushing into Poverty
The decline in women’s work is pushing all age groups and sectors into poverty but the dropoff was particularly pronounced among youth aged between 15 and 24, those with lower levels of education and working in agriculture and construction sectors in rural India. The agricultural sector, a historically strong employer of people with fewer formal qualifications, is relying on less labour as farm mechanisation improves. And while rising enrolment in education among women is encouraging, there remains a shortage of paid job opportunities outside of farming for many who graduate — prompting them to leave the workforce altogether.

While 3. 9 million more women are working in salaried positions than a decade ago, the general trend is worrisome. About 70% of women who work in India are doing low-paid jobs on a casual wage and/or unpaid family labour, and many are still recovering from the shockwaves of the pandemic and its related economic disruptions. About 56 million Indians were pushed back into poverty during the pandemic, with women and other vulnerable population groups most impacted.
Turning it around relies not just on more work being available, but better quality work. Central and State governments have been active in trying to fix the problem, launching several programmes that promote self-employment and wage employment.
Utilising Schemes
The Deen Dayal Upadhya-National Rural Livelihood Mission is aimed at promoting self-employment through self-help groups, small groups of workers who receive government assistance to take up income-generating activities. Another programme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, guarantees 100 dayp�&HX[�X[�Y�H[�[Y[���X�][��[���[Y�ܚٜˈ��[�Z[ܛ��]�HH�X�ܙو[]�X][��ݙ�H[�[�ٚ[����Y[��H��[[�[Y[��X�[�YH��[YH�ܙX]H[YY���Z�[���Y�[�ܘ[�Y��YH��Y[�[ܙH�[�[��X[]]ۛ�^K�

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